周霖

周霖，别名慰苍，字慰昌，云南省丽江县人（一九o二至一九七七）。纳西族。周霖出身于丽江县石鼓镇一个清寒的读书人家，祖父和和父亲都是举人，清末丽江推行新教育的著名人士。周霖自幼受到良好的教育和文化熏陶。他秉资颖异，勤奋好学，兴趣广泛，喜欢体育、演说、音乐、手工，尤其酷爱绘画，受当地书画名人张文湛指点，十几岁时，求画者已络绎于门。解放前长期任中学教员。一九五o年以后，先后任丽江县文化馆馆长，丽江县副县长，云南省第三届人民代表大会代表，中国美术家协会云南分会副主席。擅长国画，创作了大量反映纳西族人民新生活的作品。一九六四年在北京举办了纳西族画家周霖画展，展出了中国画一百五十余件，受到国内外观众的好评。
1920年秋，周霖以优等第一名毕业于云属联合中学。因未能继续读书深造，遂在军队里补了一名军佐，随滇军出省，历尽艰辛。为寻求新的出路，于1927年初只身远赴上海，其后又辗转于武汉、南京、苏州等地。曾在上海考入名画家刘海粟办的美术专科学校西画系，当过教师、记者、税吏、摄影师、画过电影院海报。他命途多舛，坎坷曲折，但从未放下画笔，从未放弃对艺术理想的追求。艰难曲折的人生经历磨练了他的意志，丰富了生活体验，开扩了艺术视野，对他以后艺术创作的发展，有深刻的影响。
三十年代后期，周霖回到丽江，在省立中学任教，有较宽裕的时间作画，并系统地研读古代名著和佛经等典藉。静习潜修，画理和画法得到显著的提高。为推动当地文艺的进步与繁荣，培植年轻的文艺人才，在他的倡导下，成立一个由诗、书、画和音乐爱好者组成的文艺团体——“雪社”，经常开展活动，相互交流，切磋技艺，开诗会，办画展，丰富了当地文化生活。这期间，他创作了大量的国画作品和题画诗，其中有许多玉龙山题材的画作和诗文。在民族音乐方面也作了一些探索：为马子云《玉龙山白云歌》谱曲，为丽江洞经音乐《到春来》填词，显示出他在诗、书、画、乐诸方面的深厚功底和艺术才华。1943年秋，他受聘在昆明一中教课，适逢举办《云南省美术展览会》，他携作参展，受到好评，赢得声誉。这次画展，是周霖步入云南画坛，蜚声省内之始。
20世纪五十年代至六十年代中期，他走村串寨，爬山越岭，深入生活，创作出大量具有浓郁乡土气息、民族特点和时代精神的国画作品。他还为人民大会堂作了《金沙水拍云崖暖》和《玉龙金川》两幅巨画。1963年5月，云南省文联为周霖在昆明举行个人画展，其精湛的技艺和纯正的画风，博得普遍赞誉。时在昆明的陈毅、黄镇亲临参观画展，并建议到京展出。同年9月，“纳西族画家周霖个人画展”在北京新落成的中国美术馆隆重展出，受到中外美术界的一致好评。陈毅元帅设宴为周霖致庆，许多在京文化名人出席作陪，郭沫若题诗：“石鼓声闻到凤城，龙潭风物活生生。山水引自源头处，天外飞来有鹡鸰。”
周霖是著名画家，同时也是纳西族优秀诗人。郭沫若高度评价周霖诗歌的成就，称其“诗、书、画三超”。赵银棠称“其画中饶有诗意，诗中独具画境”，现存的一百多首诗中，除大量诗画浑一的题画诗外，有不少作品以玉龙山为题。他的“雪山诗”也和他的画一样，着力于展现玉龙山的神韵。
由于周霖在绘画方面的突出成就和在文艺界的崇高声望，曾先后当选为丽江纳西族自治县副县长、云南省美术家协会副主席、全国政协委员。他在主管丽江县文化馆工作和任副县长期间，事必亲躬，在保护临摩白沙壁画、征集翻译东巴经书、清理保护民族古藉、发掘整理民族民间文化艺术遗产、培养书画艺术人才等方面，做了许多有益的工作。
正当周霖艺术创作的高峰时期，“文革”浩劫降临，他身陷逆境，身心备受摧残，以致瘫痪，仍以顽强的毅力，画“梅”自励。表现出一个品德高洁的艺术家对艺术的执着追求。
周霖逝世以后，他的遗作相继于1981年、1982年在昆明和北京展出，皆获得相当高的评价。《周霖画集》由云南人民出版社编辑出版。中央美院院长、著名画家吴作人题词：“金生丽水，艺数周郎”。

Alias comforts dark green, the word comforts prosperous, yunnan saves person of beautiful river county (19 o2 come 1977) . The Naxi nationality. One's previous experience of week continuous heavy rain presses down a poor scholar home at beat of rock of Li Jiang county, grandfather is mixed and father is a successful candidate in the imperial examinations at the provincial level in the Ming and Qing dynasties, qing Moli river carries out the notable of protestant Yo. From a child of week continuous heavy rain is edified by good education and culture. He grasps endowment clever different, assiduous and academic, interest is wide, like sports, speech, music, handiwork, love brushwork especially, suffer Zhang Wenzhan of celebrity of local painting and calligraphy to give directions, when ten years old, the person that beg a picture already subsidiary channels in the human body through which vital energy unravels at the door. Before liberating hold the post of middle school teacher for a long time. 195 O after year, hold the post of curator of house of culture of beautiful river county early or late, subprefect of beautiful river county, yunnan saves delegate of the 3rd people's congress, vice-chairman of branch of Yunnan of Chinese artist association. Be good at traditional Chinese painting, created the work with vivid new student of people of many report the Naxi nationality. Art exhibition of continuous heavy rain of week of artists of the Naxi nationality was held in Beijing 1964, the traditional Chinese painting in exhibiting more than 150, get of domestic and international audience reputably.
1920 autumn, zhou Lin with classy in be graduated from the cloud the first times to belong to combination, learn. Take advanced courses because of failing to continue to read, filled in army then an army assist, sui Dianjun gives a province, have gone through hardships. To seek new outlet, at the beginning of 1927 alone far go to Shanghai, ever since and other places of flounder Yu Wuhan, Nanjing, Suzhou. The art training school that ever checked a painter bang millet to do in Shanghai draws a department on the west, should cross official of teacher, reporter, tax, cameraman, picture to pass cinema poster. His suffer many a setback during one's life, rough and labyrinthian, but never put down paintbrush, never forgo ideal to art pursuit. Hard and labyrinthian life experiences harden oneself his volition, abounded life experience, open enlarge artistic field of vision, to the progress that art produces after him, have profound effect.
30 time later period, zhou Lin returns Li Jiang, teach in provincial middle school, ampler time makes a picture, grind systematically read the allusion Jie such as archaic famous book and sutra. Jing Xiqian is repaired, picture texture and brushwork get rising significantly. To promote place's literary progress and prosperity, the literary talented person with young implantation, below his advocacy, the literary group that establishs to be comprised by poem, book, picture and philharmonic -- " snow company " , often develop an activity, mutual communication, compare notes craft, attend a meeting a poem, do art exhibition, abounded local culture life. During this, he wrote work of much traditional Chinese painting and problem picture poem, the picture that has theme of a lot of jade dragon hill among them makes He Shiwen. Also made a few exploration in ethical music respect: For Ma Ziyun " song of Yu Longshan white cloud " music music, for music of classics of beautiful river hole " to spring come " compose a poem to a given tune of ci, show him to be in the deep strength of face of poem, book, picture, happy Zhu Fang and artistic talent. 1943 autumn, he suffers hire in Kunming one in teach a course, comfortable meet hold " exhibition of Yunnan province art " , he is carried ginseng exhibit, get reputably, gain reputation. This art exhibition, it is Zhou Lin enters Yunnan to draw altar, become famous is provincial only then.
20 centuries come the fifties 60 time metaphase, he walks along a village to string together stockaded village, climb Yue Ling, live deep, the work of traditional Chinese painting that creation gives to have characteristic of full-bodied and agrestic breath, nation and times mind in great quantities. He still was people congress hall to make " Jin Sha water pats Yun Ya to warm " and " Yulong Jin Chuan " two huge paintings. May 1963, yunnan saves article couplet to be in Kunming to hold individual art exhibition for Zhou Lin, its masterly craft and sterling picture wind, win widespread recognition. The Chen Yi that Kunming is in when, Huang Zhen visits visiting art exhibition, suggest to exhibit to Beijing. Of the same age in September, "Art exhibition of individual of continuous heavy rain of week of artists of the Naxi nationality " in Beijing the Chinese art gallery of new completion exhibits ceremoniously, get the accord of group of art of China and foreign countries reputably. Fete of Chen Yi marshal is sent for Zhou Lin celebrate, celebrity of a lot of culture is in Beijing attend company, if Guo Mei inscribes a poem: "Stone drum smells phoenix city, dragon pool scenery is animated. Landscape is brought from fountainhead place, universal fly to have Zuo Zuo . Universal fly to have Zuo Zuo ..
Zhou Lin is famous artist, also be the Naxi nationality at the same time outstanding poet. If Guo Mei evaluates the achievement of poetry of week continuous heavy rain highly, weigh its " poem, book, picture 3 exceed " . Zhao Yintang says " poetic flavour is full of in its picture, picturesque scene is had alone in the poem " , in more than 100 existent poems, except muddy of many poem picture the problem of one draws a poem outside, many work are a problem with Yu Longshan. His " snow mountain poem " also draw with his same, exert oneself the verve at showing Yu Longshan.
Because Zhou Lin is drawing the outstanding achievement of the respect is mixed,look in the great reputation of literary bound, ever was elected to visit committee member of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference of artist association vice-chairman, whole nation for subprefect of autonomous county of beautiful river the Naxi nationality, Yunnan early or late. During he works in house of culture of county of director Li Jiang and holding the post of a subprefect, the thing kisses surely bend forward, face in protection rub white sanded mural, collect an interpreter Dongba Confusion classics, clear protective nation ancient books, disentomb arrange art of ethical folk culture the respect such as person with ability of craft of painting and calligraphy of bequest, education, did a lot of good works.
The peak period that art of proper week continuous heavy rain creates, "Culture Revolution " catastrophe arrives, adversity of his body defect, body and mind suffers fully destroy, as a result breaks down, still with tenacious perseverance, picture " plum " from encourage. The artist that shows nobleness of a moral character is gone after to artistic persistence.
After Zhou Lin dies, his posthumous work in succession 1981, exhibited in Kunming and Beijing 1982, all obtain quite high opinion. " Zhou Lin draws volume " by Yunnan people press the editor is published. Epigraph of Wu Zunren of dean of central beautiful courtyard, famous artist: "Gold gives birth to beautiful water, man of art number week " .