韩干

韩干，生卒年不详，唐画家。京兆蓝田（治今陕西西安）人，一作大梁（今河南开封）人。相传年少时曾为酒肆雇工，经王维资助，学画十馀年而艺成。擅绘肖像、人物、鬼神、花竹，尤工画马，曾师曹霸而重视写生。经历唐玄宗年间，被召入宫封为“供奉”。此后专跟宫中画马名家陈闳学习画，但进展不太显著，后来韩干改变只临摹不写生的方法，经常到马厩里去，细心观察马的习性，对比找出马的性格特征，找出马的动作规律，并把各种各样的马记录在案。日子久了，人们对韩干经常进入马厩，甚至搬到马厩里和饲养人一起住感到奇怪。韩干回答说：“我学习画马，马厩里所有的马都是我的老师”。为了深入了解马的习性，他常痴呆地观察上几个时辰，把别的画家不了解的具体细节都弄得清清楚楚，并牢记心上。这样时间久了，马的各种体貌，奔跑雄姿，千变万化的动态，在作画的时候自然而然就活现在纸上。所以人们都称赞韩干笔下的马是能跑动的马。
画迹主要有《姚崇像》、《安禄山像》、《玄宗试马图》、《宁王调马打球图》、《龙朔功臣图》，均录于《历代名画记》，《内厩御马图》、《圉人调马图》、《文皇龙马图》等52件，辑于《宣和画谱》。传世作品有《牧马图》，录于《故宫名画三百种》。
韩干重视写生，坚持以真马为师，遍绘宫中及诸王府之名马，曾作《玉花骢图》、《照夜白图》、《洗马图》、《凿马图》、《战马图》、《六马图》、《八骏图》、《百马图》等。所绘马匹，体形肥硕，态度安详，比例准确，一改前人画马螭颈龙体、筋骨毕露、姿态飞腾的“龙马”作风，创造了富有盛唐时代气息的画马新风格。在人物、道释画方面，他曾作《龙朔功臣图》、《姚宋及安禄山图》、《李白封官图》、《五王出游图》、《须菩提图》、《下生嗔弥勒图》等。

Han Gan, unripe soldier year unspecified, home Tang Hua. Beijing million blue cropland (treat today Shaanxi Xi'an) person, make crossbeam (today Henan unseals) person. Wine shop hire hands ever was when according to legend is junior, aid financially via Wang Wei, learn to draw 10 Yu year and art into. Effigies of draw of arrogate to oneself, character, ghosts and gods, Hua Zhu, be versed in especially picture horse, ceng Shicao bully and value paint from life. Between Xuan Zongnian of experience the Tang Dynasty, be into Gong Feng by call together " consecrate " . After this draws Chen Hong of Home Ma Ming to study a picture with Gongzhong only, but progress is not quite striking, han Gan changes the method with a not sketchy copy later, often go in stable, the characteristics of attentive observation horse, contrast finds out disposition feature of the horse, find out behavioral law of the horse, and various horses on record. The time is long, people often enters stable to Han Gan, move in stable to mix even raise a person to live together feel strange. Han does an answer to say: "I learn picture horse, all Ma Dou is me teachers in stable " . Understand equestrian characteristics for development, he often watchs on a few time gawkishly, the specific detail that does not know other artists is done clearly, remember a heart well to go up. Such time are long, all sorts of substance appearance of the horse, run heroic posture, protean trends, go up naturally when making a picture in paper with respect to appear vividly. The horse that so people praises to Han does the wording and purpose of what one writes is to be able to run the horse that use.  
 Picture mark basically has " Yao Chong resembles " , " An Lushan resembles " , " Xuan Zong tries Ma Tu " , " peaceful Wang Diaoma plays a ball game graph " , " Long Shuo's hero pursues " , all record at " picture of past dynasties name is written down " , " inside stable drive horse pursues " , " person aning enclosure for storing grain moves Ma Tu " , " Wen Huanglong Ma Tu " wait for 52, collect at " announce and a book on the art of drawing or painting " . Work of be handed down from ancient times has " herd horse pursues " , collection at " name of the Imperial Palace draws 300 kinds " .  
 Han Gan values paint from life, insist to be division with true horse, all renown horses of Wang Fu are reached in the palace that all over draw, ever made " Yu Huacong pursues " , " the Bai Tu that take night " , " wash Ma Tu " , " authentic Ma Tu " , " steed pursues " , " 6 Ma Tu " , " graph of 8 fine horse " , " 100 horses. Place draw horses, bodily form big and fleshy, the manner is unruffled, scale is precise, change forefathers to draw body of dragon of equestrian Chi neck, bones and muscles to appear in all, attitude flies swiftly upward " Long Ma " style, the picture Maxin style of acting breath when creating rich Cheng Tang. In character, path commentate picture respect, he ever was made " Long Shuo's hero pursues " , " Yao Song and An Lushan pursue " , " Li Bai Feng Guantu " , " 5 king go on a journey pursues " , " beard bodhi pursues " , " next Maitreyas giving birth to be angry.